The dealer fans a new shoe. Two spots. Max limits. Kerry Packer reads the texture and pushes a stack that hushes the room.

I’ve traced what sits behind moments like that — how a media engine, a rebel cricket league, and casino nights fused into one logic.

Who Was Kerry Packer?

Who was Kerry Packer? Australia’s most formidable media-and-gaming tycoon. Kerry Francis Bullmore Packer (1937–2005) ran the Nine Network and Australian Consolidated Press, then tied that engine to casino yield.

Childhood polio reportedly put him in an iron lung for months, and dyslexia made school a grind. His father, Sir Frank, was famously harsh. Packer answered by delivering results, not speeches.

For anyone still asking who was Kerry Packer, think of a builder of cash systems who preferred outcomes to applause.

Why I’m Writing This — and What You’ll Learn

On a casino site, Packer is a case study. I set out to pin down three truths: who was Kerry Packer at the tables, how did Kerry Packer get rich, and where Kerry Packer net worth sits in facts.
Expect a clean split between verified wins and the engine that paid daily.

How Did Kerry Packer Get Rich?

How did Kerry Packer get rich? Start with inheritance, add edge. He monetized habit —magazines and nightly TV — and weaponized sports rights for broadcast.

The Alan Bond cycle is the clean case study: he sold Nine at peak prices, then reportedly regained control later on far better terms. Timing and counterparties did most of the work.
Short answer to how did Kerry Packer get rich: own recurring attention, own the rights around it, and keep cash ready for the turn. He ran media like a game where the rules favored him.

If this article interests you, keep reading. Alternatively, explore other topics like slot strategy and craps strategy.

World Series Cricket: The Broadcast Revolution

Denied TV rights in 1977, he built his own product. World Series Cricket paid players properly, staged night matches, introduced colored kits and white balls, and miked the game.
Lawsuits followed; audiences moved faster. The settlement reset cricket’s economics — the screen set the price.

Empire Mechanics: ACP, Nine, and PBL

ACP’s magazines shaped daily habit. Nine built prime time around sport and news.
PBL stitched print and broadcast to gaming, where daily yield smoothed cycles. One.Tel was a misstep, but the core compounded because rights renew, ratings recur, and casinos cash every day. That coherence explains Kerry Packer net worth.

The House vs Kerry: What Casinos Remember

Tables still tell his story. He preferred blackjack and baccarat, often betting multiple hands at very high limits.

One late-night start in Las Vegas still circulates among veterans: a high-limit table sat idle; a boss improvised to get the game moving. Packer nodded, won fast, and — staff still say — left a six-figure thank-you across the layout. Speed, sizing, exit.

In Las Vegas coverage circa 2000, he paid off a cocktail server’s mortgage — about $130,000 —after a spill. Another episode, often placed in the late 1990s, has him clearing roughly $150,000 as a tip for exceptional service.

Exact figures vary; the behavior is consistent — decisive generosity, quiet departure.

Kerry Packer Las Vegas

Kerry Packer Wins vs Losses — What’s Verified

I’ve separated sturdy reporting from stories so gamblers get a clean read.

  • MGM Grand, mid-1990s (win) – Reported as “more than $20 million” across high-stakes blackjack sessions. Amounts vary; the win itself is consistent.
  • Crockfords, London, 1999 (loss) – Widely reported near £11 million in a single downswing.
  • Bellagio, Las Vegas, 2000 (loss) – Major outlets put the hit around US$20–30 million; Packer acknowledged losing but disputed the exact sum.
  • Dealer and staff tips – Multiple accounts describe pooled six-figure tips after hot runs; totals differ, behavior aligns with reputation.
  • Record slot jackpots – Claims he hit the biggest jackpots aren’t backed by strong contemporaneous records — treat as unverified.

Legendary Nights, Told Plain

There are sessions you can date without embroidery — London with seven figures running the wrong way; the Strip with eight figures going the other.

The coin-toss put-down fits his deadpan style but remains unverified. What’s consistent is behavior: press when the game is yours, use your best blackjack strategy or baccarat strategy, leave quickly when it isn’t, never mistake showmanship for edge.

Casino Math, Business Math

At the table, swings were weather — you dress for them. In business, he chased the house edge — rights that renew and audiences that return.

That split explains how Kerry Packer got rich and why the casino stories never dented the ledger that mattered.

Mornings Before the Markets Opened

Night could be theatre; morning was logistics. Before the exchange opened, he’d review ratings, magazine circulation, ad bookings, and sports rights.

Network chiefs took early calls because decisions followed. Market opening wasn’t a starting gun when everyone else caught up to dawn’s work. Routine powered Kerry Packer net worth more than any single night at a table.

Taxes, Bluntly

He was direct about minimizing tax — within the law. The parliamentary line still gets quoted: if you don’t minimize tax, you “want your head read.”

Cash retained buys optionality later — on rights, buybacks, talent. The stance made him formidable.

Who Was Kerry Packer Married To

Who was Kerry Packer married to? Roslyn (Ros) Weedon, from 1963 until his death. They had two children, Gretel and James.

Ros became a major philanthropist and the calm in the storm. Family life pivoted between Sydney and Ellerston in the Hunter.

People still search who was Kerry Packer married to because it explains the rhythm: public velocity, private anchor. Ask again — who was Kerry Packer married to — and you learn how succession was framed.

Kerry Packer’s Style, Homes, and Inner Circle

Packer dressed for work, not theatre: plain suits, open collars, solid shoes. Sydney anchored city life; Ellerston was the home base — polo, golf, a tight guest list.
He liked quick service and straight talk. If you delivered, he looked after you.

Health, Mortality, and the Packer Whackers

In 1990, Packer collapsed at polo and was reportedly clinically dead for minutes before a defibrillator revived him. After surgery, he funded defibrillators in New South Wales ambulances — nicknamed “Packer Whackers.”

After a kidney transplant in 2000, his view sharpened: time is finite; liquidity buys choices. Asked about the “other side,” he said there was nothing there.

Kerry Packer net worth

Kerry Packer Net Worth — The Working Range

So, Kerry Packer net worth. Near his death in 2005, rich lists placed it around A$6–7 billion (about US$5 billion then).

Figures are snapshots, not scripture. Treat Kerry Packer net worth as a moving range backed by repeatable cash flow: habit-forming content, renewable sports rights, and gaming yield that cushioned shocks for decades.

How Did Kerry Packer Get Rich — The Long Answer

He inherited a platform and out-operated the field. He modernized cricket to fit television and monetized both sides of the upgrade.

He sold high to Bond, reportedly regained control later when leverage cracked, and fused magazines, broadcast, and casinos into a yield machine.

Who Was Kerry Packer — Beyond the Ledger

After the heart scare, he acted faster and gave faster. Friends describe loyalty inside a tight circle and zero tolerance for spin.

He could lose like a billionaire and tip like one, then be on the phone at dawn. Ask veterans and you hear the same refrain: decisive, clear about money, impossible to bluff. If you’re asking who was Kerry Packer married to, remember Ros steadied the private side.

Why Kerry Packer Still Matters to Gamblers

Price first, posture never. He didn’t just play high; he bought the parts of games that pay daily.

For anyone who cares about odds and outcomes, that lesson endures. The tables were the show. The method — rights, reach, and cash flow — was the business. That’s the sober answer to who was Kerry Packer, how did Kerry Packer get rich, and how Kerry Packer net worth was built.

October 7, 2025

By Stephen R. Tabone

Stephen R. Tabone
Body

Stephen R. Tabone is an English Writer from Great Britain. He is a casino games professional pattern player and outcomes systemiser. He is the Author of Bestselling Baccarat books, ‘The Ultimate Silver Bullet Proof Baccarat Winning Strategy 2.1’ and ‘The Ultimate Golden Secret Baccarat Winning Strategy 3.0’.

In 2011, Mr. Tabone earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with Honours in Creative Writing and Philosophy from the University of Greenwich, London. And holds qualifications in Law and in Business. 

Mr. Tabone has been developing and testing his rule-based gaming systems since 1997 and began publishing these in 2017. As well as Baccarat, he plans to publish books on Roulette, Blackjack and other casino games. He has a fascination with number combinations, cryptanalysis, patterns and is a strong concrete and abstract thinker. He also designs stock market trading concepts.

He is methodical in constructing powerful rule-based betting systems to combat the complex problems of finding ways to profit from randomness. Mr. Tabone’s systems help gamblers improve the way they play casino games. Back in the 90s he even bought his own Roulette Wheel to practice on.

Stephen R. Tabone
factcheck
Off
hidemainimage
show
Hide sidebar
show
Fullwidth Page
Off

Back in 2018, when most slot developers were still churning out the same old stuff, sticking with fruits, gems, and all the usual suspects, a small team in Malta had a different idea. The team started Hacksaw Gaming making scratch cards, but the real plan was bigger: create casino games that are designed to work on your phone and don’t treat you like you’re five years old.

Nowadays, Hacksaw Gaming is one of the most unique voices in online slots, with no cute characters or rainbow themes. The games have rough street art, gothic horror, and appear to have been created by someone who actually has a clue about what modern players want. These games- tell stories and deliver the kind of high-stakes excitement that makes your heart beat faster.

Why Hacksaw Gaming Slots Hit Different

Visit any conventional casino and you will see rows of machines that look like they were designed in the '90s and haven’t been updated. The same sounds, the same themes. Hacksaw Gaming looked at that landscape and asked: What if we did something completely different?

Their mobile-first strategy was a total rethinking of the way slots are supposed to work. Usually, slots are designed to be played on large screens with physical buttons or using a mouse if you’re playing online. On Hacksaw’s games, each one is perfectly playable on your phone because they’re developed with small screens in mind from the beginning.

The touch controls are intuitive, and the graphics even appear to look better on the smaller screen. What also sets them apart is the use of darker and more mature designs, where other developers would go with bright and cheerful ones.

However, the biggest difference is that they don’t fear volatility. Many developers water down their math to appeal to everyone, but Hacksaw slots tend to be high-volatility affairs, resulting in fewer wins but much more substantial payouts when they hit.

If this article interests you, keep reading. Alternatively, explore other topics like blackjack strategy and roulette strategy.

Hacksaw Slots You Can Play at 888casino

Most review sites keep talking about the same few Hacksaw games, but we’re going to focus on the ones you can actually play here. We picked these games because they show exactly what all the fuss is about with Hacksaw Gaming.

Le Bandit

Le Bandit takes the classic heist theme and gives it that Hacksaw twist. Set against moody urban backdrops, this slot combines cascading reels with multiple bonus rounds that really feel different from each other. The Luck of the Bandit feature can trigger free spins and respins, and the All That Glitters Is Gold feature awards 12 free spins with re-triggers. With a 96.34% RTP (Return to player) and medium-high volatility, it strikes a nice balance between accessibility and excitement, making this slot one of our favorites.

Viking slot

Le Viking

This Norse-themed adventure is the best that Hacksaw has produced in 2025. Le Viking has some beautiful graphics that take you right into ancient Scandinavia with its expanding wilds and free spins that feel truly epic. The fact that the game has a 10,000x maximum win potential is a testament to the fact that Hacksaw is serious about paying out, and the narrative is so immersive that it makes us feel like we’re navigating the Nordic seas. If you’re a fan of Vikings, we’re sure you’ll love it!

Wishbringer

Set in a mystical desert world, Wishbringer introduces the innovative Wild Cloud Row mechanic, where Genie symbols blow wilds across the reels. This slot is played on a 6x4 grid with ways to win rather than traditional paylines, and offers a different mathematical approach that can create unexpected winning combinations. The Arabian Nights bonus game awards up to 40 free spins and can be extended mid-feature, whilst bonus buy options and FeatureSpins increase Genie appearances for players who want more control. With medium-high volatility and a 10,000x maximum win, this unique slot can make you feel alive.

Danny Dollar

Yes, we said Hacksaw did things differently, but this one proves they can also be versatile. Danny Dollar has a flashy game show feel on the reels with a jazzy soundtrack and colourful visuals, which are a big contrast to their normal, darker appearance. The 5x5 grid with 19 paylines might seem straightforward, but the Dollar-Reels feature adds real excitement. Danny symbols expand upward to become wild reels, and if they pass through another wild, they can carry multipliers up to 200x. Two distinct bonus rounds, Dollar Dash and No Bills, No Thrills, each offer different paths to that impressive 12,500x maximum win.

The Bowery Boys

Based on the real-life 19th-century New York crime gang, this cinematic slot proves that Hacksaw can handle historical themes just as well as fantasy ones. The cascading reels and Scatter Pay system create a chaotic, authentic feel that matches the lawless world of Hell's Kitchen (no, not the TV show). The game has three different free spins bonus rounds and other base game elements such as Strongboxes and Blasting Bomb Multipliers, so there’s never a boring moment.

Check out the full list of Hacksaw slots available at 888casino.

What to Expect When You Play Hacksaw Slots

Hacksaw Gaming slots are filled with intensity, which is evident from the first spin, and the sound design stands out, too. You won’t find the usual casino bleeps and bloops. Instead, their games are accompanied by music and effects that add to the atmosphere.

The math behind Hacksaw’s games typically favors the bold. RTPs hover around the 96% mark, which is fair and competitive, but the real story is in the distribution. These games are built for players who can handle the swings, who understand that three or four dead spins might be followed by something spectacular.

When the features hit, they tend to hit hard. The game design also includes bonus rounds, and no matter if you’re playing Wishbringer with the growing reels or Danny Dollar with its increasing wilds, they all feel like they were designed to fit that particular game and not the same old boring features borrowed from generic libraries.

Mobile performance is exemplary across all Hacksaw titles. The touch interface feels responsive, graphics scale perfectly, and loading times are always fast. This isn't surprising considering the brand have a mobile-first philosophy, but it's refreshing in a sector where mobile can easily be treated as an appendix.

Mobile slots

Why 888casino and Hacksaw Gaming Make Perfect Partners

We chose to feature the best Hacksaw slots because we know our players appreciate quality. These games are designed to be enjoyed by people who realize that the most exciting things come from games that do not take away your intelligence. If you’re looking for a full experience instead of just mindlessly mashing buttons, Hacksaw games are perfect for utilizing your best slot strategy.

We've picked games that cover different ground: you've got the mystical desert world of Wishbringer on one end and the gritty New York streets of The Bowery Boys on the other. Playing these games at 888casino means you get the full experience without any of the technical hiccups that can ruin a good session.

Our platform runs these games properly. The high-definition graphics load fast and the math is taken care of. All this to ensure that when those big wins land, they land properly.

The Bottom Line

Look, Hacksaw Gaming simply does things differently. Most slot developers follow the same tired formula, but these guys carved their own path from the beginning. Their games have this dark, edgy look that you either love or hate. No middle ground.

Not every player gets it, which is probably what they were going for. Some people want bright colors and cheerful music. Others want something with a bit more bite. Hacksaw clearly decided to go after the second group. If you're the type who gets bored by predictable gameplay, you'll probably get what Hacksaw is about.

With Hacksaw Gaming slots, you'll experience what happens when genuine creativity meets solid mathematics. And that’s precisely the type of gaming experience we’re proud to offer at 888casino.

Hacksaw Games at 888 Casino

October 7, 2025
Body
A casino games enthusiast, Frederico brings engaging topics about casinos to our blog. You’ll find regular articles on strategy, tips, news, and fun curiosities here at 888casino.
Frederico Pereira
factcheck
Off
hidemainimage
show
Hide sidebar
show
Fullwidth Page
Off

Table of contents

  1. Wayne Rooney and Casino Gambling — Roulette & Blackjack
  2. Neymar Jr. and Casino Gambling — Poker & Roulette
  3. Gerard Piqué and Casino Gambling — No-Limit Hold’em
  4. Eidur Gudjohnsen and Casino Gambling — Roulette & Blackjack
  5. Footballers and Casino Gambling — High-Stakes Play

Splashing the cash is part of modern life, but for some footballers, gambling goes far beyond champagne photo ops. Roulette spins. Blackjack hits. Online casino streams. All-in poker plays.

This post profiles the ones who truly bet big, including Rooney, Neymar, Piqué, and Gudjohnsen — each with dramatic casino moments, poker wins, notable net worth, and off-pitch habits that drew attention. The money was real. This post captures how those stories evolved.

Wayne Rooney and Casino Gambling

Wayne Rooney’s Casino Story

In 2017, Rooney reportedly lost £500,000 in two hours at Manchester’s 235 Casino, using his best roulette strategy and blackjack straegy without VIP distractions.

In 2020, the Gambling Commission fined Caesars UK £13 million for systemic VIP failings. The regulator’s release did not name Rooney’s session.

Personality and Lifestyle of Wayne Rooney

Rooney’s intensity extended beyond the pitch — surfacing in gambling and personal choices. In 2017, he was arrested for drink-driving, an incident that strained his marriage and public image. He was found behind the wheel of a Volkswagen Beetle owned by a woman he’d met earlier that evening. The arrest became a red-card moment in his off-pitch narrative.

Sponsorship Deals of Wayne Rooney

Rooney partnered with Nike, Coca-Cola, EA Sports, and Samsung. His Nike deal earned £1 million annually during peak years.

Wayne Rooney’s Net Worth in 2025

Estimated at £130–135 million, a ballpark figure shaped by Premier League contracts, global endorsements, and managerial roles.

Luxury Cars

Rooney owned a Lamborghini Gallardo Spyder, Bentley Continental GT, and Aston Martin Vanquish S — each a Premier League-era status symbol — etched in horsepower and high-spec allure.

Career Achievements of Wayne Rooney

Five Premier League titles, one Champions League, second on England’s all-time scoring list (behind Harry Kane), and 253 goals for Manchester United.

Gambling Reflection

Rooney later admitted gambling became a coping mechanism. He now supports awareness campaigns for athletes facing similar risks. As of 2025, there’s no public record of Rooney still gambling.

Footballers casino

Neymar Jr. and Casino Gambling

Neymar Jr.’s Casino Story

In 2023, Neymar live-streamed a Blaze casino session, losing €1 million in under an hour while joking with viewers. Neymar’s Blaze stream felt like a penalty gamble with no keeper.

The Brazilian poker pro also plays high-stakes poker, winning $66,000 in the PokerStars Titans Event and competing in EPT and BSOP tournaments.

Personality and Lifestyle of Neymar Jr.

Neymar’s charisma masks vulnerability. In 2014, a fractured vertebra nearly ended his career during Brazil’s World Cup campaign. He missed the semi-final and was nearly paralyzed, an injury that reshaped his public image and personal outlook.

Sponsorship Deals of Neymar Jr.

Deals include Puma (widely reported at €23–25 million per year), Red Bull, PokerStars, Diesel, and Qatar Airways.

Neymar Jr.’s Net Worth in 2025

Estimated at $200–220 million, driven by PSG and Al-Hilal contracts, streaming revenue, and global sponsorships.

Luxury Cars

Neymar owns a Ferrari 458 Italia, Lamborghini Aventador, and Rolls-Royce Ghost—headline lifestyle staples across his Mangaratiba and Paris chapters.

Career Achievements of Neymar Jr.

Champions League winner, Olympic gold medalist, and star for Santos, Barcelona, PSG, and Al-Hilal.

Gambling Reflection

Neymar’s gambling is public and performative. He remains the face of online casino streaming by footballers in 2025. He still plays poker regularly and occasionally streams roulette and blackjack, though some sessions now occur off-platform.

If this article interests you, explore other topics like how to win at slots and craps strategy.

Gerard Piqué and Casino Gambling

Gerard Piqué’s Casino Story

Piqué placed second in EPT Barcelona’s €25k High Roller, winning €352,950. He plays No-Limit Hold’em with strategic precision. He’s logged multiple poker cashes in Prague and Barcelona, often competing alongside fellow athletes and seasoned professionals.

Personality and Lifestyle of Gerard Piqué

Piqué’s poker mirrors his mindset. In 2022, his breakup with Shakira shifted his image from entrepreneur to tabloid headline. The split followed reports of infidelity and dominated Spanish media for months, reshaping his public persona.

Sponsorship Deals of Gerard Piqué

Past deals include Nike, Mango, and Cupra. His Kosmos ventures span sports media, tennis events, and club ownership.

Gerard Piqué’s Net Worth in 2025

Estimated at €80–100 million, combining Barcelona earnings and entrepreneurial ventures like FC Andorra.

Luxury Cars

Piqué drives an Audi R8 V10 Plus and Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG — Kosmos-era proof of Catalan control.

Career Achievements of Gerard Piqué

Three Champions League titles, eight La Liga wins, World Cup champion, and Euro 2012 victor.

Gambling Reflection

Piqué’s poker game is structured, strategic, and consistently profitable. His style reflects the same counter-attack mentality he showed on the pitch — precise, opportunistic, and well-timed.  As of 2025, he remains active in tournament circuits. Beyond poker, his casino habits are discreet and undocumented.

soccer casino gambling

Eidur Gudjohnsen and Casino Gambling

Eidur Gudjohnsen’s Casino Story

In 2003, Gudjohnsen revealed he’d lost £400,000 over five months playing roulette and blackjack. He linked the habit to injury recovery, describing how boredom and isolation triggered compulsive gambling.

Some tabloids later claimed his total losses may have reached £6 million, though this figure remains unverified.

Personality and Lifestyle of Eidur Gudjohnsen

Quiet and introspective. Tabloid reports from 1999 mention a car crash in Iceland, an early warning during rising fame. Gudjohnsen escaped serious injury, but the incident marked a turning point in his personal and professional trajectory.

Sponsorship Deals of Eidur Gudjohnsen

Past deals with Adidas and Icelandair. No major endorsements followed his retirement from professional football.

Eidur Gudjohnsen’s Net Worth in 2025

Estimated at £5–7 million, shaped by elite contracts and post-retirement financial strain. Gudjohnsen owns property in Iceland and Spain and maintains a low public profile.

Luxury Cars

Gudjohnsen owned a Porsche 911 Turbo and BMW 7 Series, early-2000s markers of Chelsea-era ascent and continental mobility.

Career Achievements of Eidur Gudjohnsen

Played for Chelsea, Barcelona, and Monaco. Champions League winner in 2009 and 88 caps for Iceland.

Gambling Reflection

Gudjohnsen’s off-pitch indulgence was quiet but costly, a solitary rhythm of private casino visits and blurred limits. His story remains a cautionary anchor in football’s gambling narrative, often cited among players who lost real money chasing roulette and blackjack spirals. 

As of 2025, there’s no evidence he still gambles. He’s spoken publicly about walking away from casinos and staying clear of the habits that once consumed him.

Footballers and Casino Gambling — High-Stakes Play

From Rooney’s roulette spiral to Neymar’s crypto-streamed loss, Piqué’s poker podium, and Gudjohnsen’s quiet descent — risk followed them. But not all losses were equal. Most had the wealth to absorb them. For some, gambling was a phase. For others, a pattern.

Piqué still plays — and wins. Gudjohnsen walked away. Rooney and Neymar recalibrated. Their stories span risk appetite, spectacle, and strategy, shaped by different stakes.

Written in 2025, this post explores how casino gambling touched footballers’ off-pitch lives — not through ruin, but through habit and media scrutiny.

October 6, 2025

By Stephen R. Tabone

Stephen R. Tabone
Body

Stephen R. Tabone is an English Writer from Great Britain. He is a casino games professional pattern player and outcomes systemiser. He is the Author of Bestselling Baccarat books, ‘The Ultimate Silver Bullet Proof Baccarat Winning Strategy 2.1’ and ‘The Ultimate Golden Secret Baccarat Winning Strategy 3.0’.

In 2011, Mr. Tabone earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with Honours in Creative Writing and Philosophy from the University of Greenwich, London. And holds qualifications in Law and in Business. 

Mr. Tabone has been developing and testing his rule-based gaming systems since 1997 and began publishing these in 2017. As well as Baccarat, he plans to publish books on Roulette, Blackjack and other casino games. He has a fascination with number combinations, cryptanalysis, patterns and is a strong concrete and abstract thinker. He also designs stock market trading concepts.

He is methodical in constructing powerful rule-based betting systems to combat the complex problems of finding ways to profit from randomness. Mr. Tabone’s systems help gamblers improve the way they play casino games. Back in the 90s he even bought his own Roulette Wheel to practice on.

Stephen R. Tabone
factcheck
Off
hidemainimage
show
Hide sidebar
show
Fullwidth Page
Off

When many people think about gambling, the Las Vegas Strip probably comes to mind. But casinos now can be found all across the U.S. and in other areas around the world.

However, many may not realize just how much of an impact tribal gaming makes on the industry. Tribal gaming properties can now be found throughout the U.S. and Canada and revenue helps provide many Native American (known as “First Nations” in Canada) communities with health care, infrastructure, employment, and more.

“For over four decades, Indian gaming revenues have transformed the lives of tribal citizens and their neighbors,” chairman of the Indian Gaming Association, Ernest L. Stevens, Jr., recently noted in Tribal Gaming & Hospitality magazine. “By law, tribal governments must reinvest gaming revenues into their economies, funding vital programs and services in education, healthcare, public safety, and infrastructure programs and services. This revenue also empowers tribes to exercise their sovereignty and uphold their treaty rights in a way that amplifies our voices.”

The economic benefits carry over to other communities as well, with many non-tribal members finding jobs in these casinos. Keep reading to learn more about the American and Canadian tribal gaming history and operations.

Quick History of Native American Casinos

The history of Native American casinos began by simply offering bingo for those wishing to spend a buck with a chance to win a jackpot. Some properties even began offering high-stakes bingo, with some real eye-popping payouts.

According to David Schwartz's exhaustive history book on gambling, Roll the Bones, the Penobscot Indians of Maine and the Seminoles of Florida were the first tribes to begin offering the game in the 1970s. More tribes followed this trend in the 1980s, including Oklahoma.

“In 1975, the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act supported and reinforced tribal governments,” according to the Oklahoma Historical Society’s Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. “As a result … American Indians in Oklahoma formed 39 tribal governments that have been federally recognized. These nations exercise powers of self-government, including business councils, and many have tribal courts with law enforcement.”

Gaming became a key economic driver for tribes throughout the U.S. The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (IGRA) was then passed in 1988, setting the stage for Native American casinos to expand beyond bingo.

Many of these properties are now massive resorts with slot machines, table games like blackjack and craps, entertainment venues, hotels, and more. Some of these tribes have even moved into online gaming in recent years as well.

Tribal gaming operations have become major companies and have even expanded beyond traditional tribal lands over the last few years. For example, Hard Rock International, owned by the Seminole tribe of Florida, acquired the Mirage Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas from MGM Resorts in January 2023 for $1.1 billion.

The Seminoles now are redeveloping the property and will own a casino right on the famed Las Vegas Strip. This isn’t the only tribe operating a Native American casino in Sin City. The San Manuel Band of Mission Indians purchased the Palms Casino Resort in 2021 and reopened it in 2022 after some major renovations.

Tribal casinos

How Many Native American Casinos are There in the U.S.?

Native American casinos have now expanded into all parts of the U.S., even opening in some areas where traditional commercial casinos aren’t legal, such as in Texas. In total, there were 537 tribal casinos across the country as of 2024, according to the National Indian Gaming Commission.

Of the nation's 574 federally-recognized tribes, 245 operate casinos and gaming enterprises. These tribes have gaming operations in 29 of the 50 U.S. states. Nine of the 10 largest casinos are owned by Native American tribes.

Because tribes are seen as sovereign nations within the U.S., these groups negotiate gaming compacts with state governments, spelling out the minimum age to gamble, games that are allowed, taxes, regulations, and other specifics.

Oklahoma stands out as the state with the most tribal casinos at139, followed by California with 66. The number of tribal gaming properties continues to grow as tribes expand their operations and other Native American groups enter the casino business.

Tribal Casinos Bring in Big Bucks for Their Communities

Tribal gaming continues to be a major part of the American casino industry and that has been exemplified by the industry’s growing revenue numbers in recent years.

In February, the American Gaming Association (AGA) and the Indian Gaming Association (IGA) teamed up to offer insight on the industry with the results of the AGA’s 2024 Commercial Gaming Revenue Tracker. Revenue from commercial casinos reached $71.92 billion, a 7.5% increase from 2023.

Total casino revenue, commercial and tribal, reached $115 billion. Native American casino gaming added a huge chunk to that total. IGA executive director Jason Giles also reported that tribal gaming brought in more than $42 billion in 2024, an increase of 2.6% from $40.9 billion in 2023.

“These revenues are directly returned to our tribal communities and tribal citizens, not investors or shareholders,” Giles said. “The use of these revenues goes directly to the health and welfare of our tribal citizens on the reservation.”

These casinos also employ many tribal members and other Americans as well, estimated to as many as 600,000 people around the country, including direct and indirect employment.

Canadian Tribal Casinos

The U.S. isn’t the only North American country where tribal casino operations are thriving. In Canada, there are 17 First Nation casinos with six in Saskatchewan, five in Alberta, three in Ontario, two in Manitoba, and one in British Columbia.

Statistics aren't as readily available in Canada for overall revenue, but some have estimated that the industry brings in $1 billion annually.

Some operations divide gaming revenues among other tribes. For example, the Saskatchewan Indian Gaming Authority (SIGA) is one of the more successful tribal gaming groups in the country. SIGA distributed to 72 First Nations in the province, providing essential funding for services within these communities.

If this article interests you, explore other topics like blackjack strategy, roulette strategy, and craps strategy.

Craps table

What Can You Expect at a Native American Casinos?

Visitors to a Native American casino will usually find an experience very similar to what they’d find on a trip to a commercial casino. These can be large operations with some of the great slots and games gamblers have come to expect in places like Las Vegas in Atlantic City.

These properties can award massive slot machine jackpots and major entertainment venues. Some tribes, such as the Seminoles of Florida and Choctaw of Oklahoma, have made a major statement in the world of poker over the last decade.

These properties host some of the largest tournaments in the industry, including the World Series of Poker Circuit and World Poker Tour regularly stopping at the properties.

Other tribes even own horse tracks, expanding their wagering operations into racing. For example, the Muckleshoot tribe owns Emerald Downs in Auburn, Washington, and the Cherokee Nation owns Will Rogers Downs in Claremore, Oklahoma.  The Seminole tribe has even branched into online sports betting operations through its Hard Rock brand in Florida and several other states.

Native American and First Nations casino operations continue to grow and make a major impact on both the U.S. and Canadian economies.

October 6, 2025

By Sean Chaffin

Sean Chaffin
  • ">
  • Body

    Sean Chaffin is a full-time freelance writer based in Ruidoso, New Mexico. He covers poker, gambling, the casino industry, and numerous other topics. Follow him on Twitter at @PokerTraditions and email him at seanchaffin@sbcglobal.net.

    Sean Chaffin
    factcheck
    Off
    hidemainimage
    show
    Hide sidebar
    show
    Fullwidth Page
    Off

    Slot machines display the denomination for one bet, for example: penny, nickel, dime, quarter, or dollar. Depending on the game selected, players can bet one, two, three, or more credits. This could amount to over $1 (100 credits) per play on a penny slot. A player could also play $1 (one credit) on a dollar slot – or multiple other combinations of credits on games with other denominations.

    Which is better for the player – one credit on a higher denomination game or multiple credits on a lower denomination game? This article explores the differences between these choices.

    Contents

    1. The current landscape of slot machines
    2. How play differs between single credit and multiple credits games 
    3. The tradeoffs between one larger credit and multiple lesser credits
    4. Summary

    The current landscape of slot machines

    Slot machines are undoubtedly the cash cow of casino games. They are played by more casino-goers than any other type of game. Slot machines occupy more casino real estate than other games.

    Included in the mix of slot games are denominations from one cent to $100 – and possibly higher. The descriptions below are generalities. You may find machines quite different from those described below.

    • There are classic slot machines – those that have been around for decades. They are electro-mechanical and are usually available in denominations of 25-cents to $1 on the main casino floor and from $1 to $100 in high-roller rooms. Some of these take coins, but most take currency or paper cashout vouchers. Some are a single denomination, but most allow for switching between the various denominations available on that specific machine. They have one play line through three play lines. Almost all of these allow bets from one to three credits per play line.
    • There are low-limit slots – those with denominations from one cent through about 25 cents. They most likely take currency or cashout vouchers – though there are machines available that still take coins. Most of these games are strictly video, but there are still electromechanical machines to be found. They differ from classic slots in a couple of ways. Firstly, they have many play lines – up to 30 or more. Secondly, they allow bets from one to sometimes 30 or so per pay line. The newer slots in this category have even moved away from the line format and moved to electronic images in a column format. It gives a different look – more like video games. This is ostensibly an attempt to attract a younger crowd of gamblers.'

      If this article interests you, keep reading. Alternatively, explore other topics like how to play roulette and roulette wheel numbers.

    How play differs between single credit and multiple credit games

    Playing a single credit game means betting everything on one single event happening. You have only one line on which the results hinge. There are different types of multiple credit games.

    1. Win Multiplier – Each additional credit simply multiplies the amount won on one line – betting two credits doubles the winning amount, betting three credits triples the winning amount, etc.
    2. More Winning Symbols – Each additional credit adds winning symbols – usually these symbols have higher pays.
    3. More Ways to Win – Each additional credit adds lines (or ways) of winning
    4. Combination – each additional credit adds both lines/ways and/or multiplies the winnings

    Online slots

    The tradeoffs between one larger credit and multiple lesser credits

    Nearly every slot player has only so much money available to gamble when considering slot strategy. With all the choices in games, what is the best way to play – one larger bet or multiple lower bets?

    The answer depends somewhat on the type of slot being played.

    1. Win Multiplier – There is absolutely no advantage in betting additional credits simply to multiply the wins. The house edge on the slot will, over time, determine how much the player will lose – bet more, lose more. Bet what your bankroll dictates. If your bankroll is adequate to support a larger denomination, bet the larger denomination. Decide how long you would like to play and plan the denomination based on that.
    2. More Winning Symbols – When this is the case, always bet the maximum (usually three credits). The additional high-paying winning combinations normally more than make up for the added cost over time. Not only that, imagine how you would feel if that top winning combination came up and it was not activated by the additional bet(s).
    3. More Ways to Win – The benefit of additional betting for more ways to win is you will get more wins. The disadvantage is it costs you more. In the long run, the slot will extract the house edge on all the money played through the machine. Because you are betting more, you will lose more – but, there will be more situations where the machine says you win. Consider how much that is worth to you.
    4. Combination – These games present a combination of No. 1 and 2. Bumping the winning multiplier by increasing the bet by the equivalent factor means only that you bet more and will lose more just like No. 1 above. Betting more to add ways to win also means that you will lose more. You will score more wins but lose more over time. It may just seem like things are going better. This is a personal decision just like it was for the previous scenario.

    Summary

    With the huge variety of slot machines available, it may be difficult for the player to decide the best way to bet. Should it be single higher denomination bets or multiple lower denomination bets.

    There are so very many options to choose from. Slot machines that add additional winning symbols with added bets should be played at maximum credits. The return percentage will be higher.

    In all the other situations, the number of credits bet do not help or hurt the return percentage. You will lose at the rate of the house edge regardless. More money bet means more money lost.

    The main thing is to not overplay your bankroll. Choose a denomination where the size of the total bet is comfortable for you – and, most importantly, make sure the bankroll consists of money you can afford to lose.

    Follow those rules and your time spent playing slots will be much more enjoyable.

    October 6, 2025

    By Jerry Stich

    Jerry "Stickman" Stich
    Body

    Jerry “Stickman” has been involved in casino gambling for nearly 30 years. He is an expert in blackjack, craps, video poker and advantage slot machine play. He started playing blackjack in the late ‘80s, learned several card counting systems and used these skills to become an advantage blackjack player and overall winner of this game. He also acquired the skills necessary to become an overall winner in the game of craps, accomplishing this by a combination of throwing skill and proper betting techniques. Stich is also an overall winner playing video poker. This was accomplished by playing only the best games and using expert playing strategy. 

    Jerry used his skills to help others also become better gamblers. He has taught advantage play techniques in blackjack, craps, video poker and slot play to hundreds of students. He is a regular contributor to top gaming magazines and has authored and co-authored various books on gambling.

    Jerry Stich
    factcheck
    Off
    hidemainimage
    show
    Hide sidebar
    show
    Fullwidth Page
    Off

    Video poker pundits and experts alike are nearly unanimous in preaching that the five-credit maximum should always be bet. This is because the maximum bet alters the payout for a royal flush from 250-for-1 to over three times that amount – 800-for-1.

    That works out to 4,000-for-5 rather than 1,250-for-5 if the same pay rate was followed. Is playing maximum credits always the best route? This article explores the topic.

    If this article interests you, keep reading. Alternatively, explore other topics like how to win at slots, roulette numbers, and blackjack strategy.

    Contents

    1. The value of playing the five-credit maximum bet
    2. Maximum credits may not be five
    3. Playing maximum credits may not always be best
    4. Summary

    The value of playing the five-credit maximum bet

    The maximum video poker bet of five credits usually changes the pay rate for a royal flush to 800-for-1 from 250-for-1. This can make a huge difference. On a dollar game in a casino, 250-for-1 means a five-credit royal flush pays $1,250. A nice win to be sure, but not a great win. A great win is $4,000 for a royal flush on a dollar game with a five credit bet.

    Here are some statistics about the royal flush in various video poker casino games. Depending on pay tables, the “Occurs Every” and “Return %” will vary slightly. The statistics are also based on “expert” or “perfect” play, meaning the strategy that focuses on getting the highest average return from each dealt hand.

    Royal Flush:800-for-1 / 4,000-for-5 250-for-1 / 1,250-for-5 
    GameOccurs EveryReturn %Occurs EveryReturn %
    Jack or Better40,3901.96%51,4800.49%
    Bonus Poker40,2301.99%50,0900.50%
    Double Bonus Poker48,0401.67%57,4600.44%
    Double Double Bonus40,8001.96%52,0700.48%
    Triple Bonus Poker49,8301.61%59,4800.42%
    Triple Double Bonus45,3601.76%52,5900.48%
    Double Aces/Faces48,6401.64%57,6600.43%
    Deuces Wild45,2801.77%47,3900.53%

    As the table clearly shows, royal flushes rarely occur, but they contribute a hefty amount (close to 1/50th) to the overall return when they pay 800-for-1 (4,000-for-5). However, when the pay rate is 250-for-1, the percentage of overall return is cut to only about one-half of one percent. This is substantial reduction.

    On most video poker games, the royal flush occurs roughly once in every 40,000 to 50,000 hands. This means that during the 40,000 to 50,000 hands where a royal flush does not appear, the five credits per hand player performs at about 2% below the overall return of the game. If the overall return of a game is 99%, the return during the “no royal” phase will average about 97%.

    This is not an insignificant amount. It is also why experts say to always bet five credits when playing video poker – the royal flush wipes out the two percent deficit.

    Maximum credits may not be five

    The number of credits that trigger the “royal flush bonus,” especially on low-denomination games or at casinos that are not in major gaming destinations may not be five.

    It could require 10, 20, or possibly more. Some of these games will show the 4,000 credits in the pay table, but it will take 10 credits to get those 4,000 credits. This makes the actual rate of pay for these games 400-for-1 not 800-for-1. Beware of this slightly deceptive practice.

    Playing maximum credits may not always be best

    Let’s see how the 800-for-1 differs from the 250-for-1 performance in two very important benchmarks – return and variance. Return is the amount of money played through the game that is returned to the player.

    Variance is an indication of how severely bankrolls vary or fluctuate. Low variance games have fewer high-paying winners but also have less severe losing streaks.

    Please note that the numbers in following table are for specific pay tables which could be different than those in your favorite casino. The differences they show between the two royal flush pays is indicative, however.

    Royal Flush:800-for-1 / 4,000-for-5 250-for-1 / 1,250-for-5 
    GameOccurs EveryReturn %Occurs EveryReturn %
    Jack or Better99.54%19.5198.374.92
    Bonus Poker99.16%20.9097.936.27
    Double Bonus Poker99.10%25.5498.0416.32
    Double Double Bonus98.98%41.9897.8327.50
    Triple Bonus Poker98.51%45.0397.4333.25
    Triple Double Bonus99.57%98.2898.4885.30
    Double Aces/Faces99.23%28.5498.1716.45
    Deuces Wild100.76%25.8399.5713.04

    First a general statement: it is always better to play the five-credit maximum – if you can afford it. If you cannot afford to play $5 per hand on a dollar machine, but can afford to play $1.25 on a quarter machine, play the quarter machine. You get the maximum possible return form your investment.

    Playing lower denomination games could mean playing with an inferior return. As an example, you may be able to find a full-pay (9/6) Jacks or Better game at a dollar but the quarter jacks or better game pays only 8/5. The return from the 8/5 quarter game with five credits ($1.25) is 97.29% with a variance of 19.32.

    The return from the 9/6 game playing one credit ($1) is 98.37 with a variance of 4.92. Playing a one credit dollar 9/6 Jacks or Better game returns about one percent more than the five-credit quarter game. As a bonus, the variance is extremely low. From an overall play standpoint, the one-credit dollar game is the way to go.

    One downside is learning the slightly different strategy for playing the 8/5 game. Another is a royal flush on the dollar game only gets you 1,250 credits. But wait. That is $1,250! A royal flush on a five-credit quarter game pays only $1,000. Sounds like a win to me.

    Summary

    Experts universally state that video poker should always be played with five credits to get the “royal flush bonus” of 800-for-1 instead of 250-for-1 when betting fewer than five credits.

    Under certain conditions, there are valid reasons to ignore this advice – and come out ahead in the long run. Nothing, apparently, is absolute – other than casinos having the edge.

    October 3, 2025

    By Jerry Stich

    Jerry "Stickman" Stich
    Body

    Jerry “Stickman” has been involved in casino gambling for nearly 30 years. He is an expert in blackjack, craps, video poker and advantage slot machine play. He started playing blackjack in the late ‘80s, learned several card counting systems and used these skills to become an advantage blackjack player and overall winner of this game. He also acquired the skills necessary to become an overall winner in the game of craps, accomplishing this by a combination of throwing skill and proper betting techniques. Stich is also an overall winner playing video poker. This was accomplished by playing only the best games and using expert playing strategy. 

    Jerry used his skills to help others also become better gamblers. He has taught advantage play techniques in blackjack, craps, video poker and slot play to hundreds of students. He is a regular contributor to top gaming magazines and has authored and co-authored various books on gambling.

    Jerry Stich
    factcheck
    Off
    hidemainimage
    show
    Hide sidebar
    show
    Fullwidth Page
    Off

    Professional gambling might seem like an easy-money occupation. But that is a bit illusory. In fact, becoming a professional gambler is more like a hard way to make an easy living.

    Even when you do have an edge – and finding that edge is integral to gambling for a living – you’re still dealing with downswings, people who wish you weren’t in action, and the need to remain extremely disciplined while under intense pressure.

    All that said, if it works for you, and if you can squeeze a profit out of odds that are meticulously designed to be tilted against you, it is a great way to make a living.

    And there is the question: How to become a professional gambler? This article will try to answer that.

    I had a taste of it while playing on a big-time card counting team and, years later, participating in an advantage play with no less a light than the great James Grosjean, widely considered to be the GOAT of casino advantage players.

    That said, I did not do it for a living, though the play with Grosjean and my time as a card counter both made for interesting side hustles – mentally challenging, emotionally uplifting, and financially remunerative (until, of course, in the case of card counting, it wasn’t).

    But, even after the team busted up and the Grosjean stint ended, I walked away with extra money and risk/reward lessons that frequently come in handy for everyday life.

    Find Your Game

    But let’s start with a bit of wisdom imparted to me by highly regarded professional gambler Richard Munchkin when I spoke with him for my book Advantage Players: Inside the Winning World of Casino Virtuosos, Master Strategists, and Mathematical Wizards

    “No game is unbeatable. I think every game can be beaten by someone, at some time, under the right conditions.”

    That is an uplifting statement from a professional gambler who would know. Finding the game you can beat is a good place to start. Poker, sports betting, and casino games all offer edges for intrepid players.

    And they all have distinct characteristics. Poker is great for people who like competing against other players. When attacking casino games, you take on the house, which hates to lose. These days, betting on sports (including horse racing) usually involves a computer model.

    Top bettors use technology to find overlays and to calculate parlays where advantages can be found. For starters, find the game that suits your temperament and put aside a bankroll for trying to take it on.

    Sports betting

    Get Good!

    Nobody is born being able to consistently beat a game. Everyone has to work at it. Whether we’re talking about sports betting expert Billy Walters, horse racing winner Don Johnson, poker pro Phil Ivey, or casino killer James Grosjean – all of whom are at the tops of their games. They all worked hard to get to where they are.

    Those striving to make it at poker will do well to read all they can about the game (and to figure out a variation to focus on: hold’em, Omaha, limit or no limit, cash or tournament, and many other forms). Start small on sites like 888poker, and learn what works. Slowly you get good, move up in stakes, and capitalize on proficiency.

    If casino games seem right for you, card counting at blackjack tends to be a fitting entry point. The website Blackjack Apprenticeship is a good place to learn blackjack strategy from before hitting the tables.

    Sports and horse racing may click for you. In that case, check out Bet Bash, which is a Las Vegas-based gathering of field and turf specialists. You’ll likely leave the event with fresh knowledge – and maybe even a betting team to join.

    When you have skills and a plan, it will be time to put yourself to the test.

    Prepare for the Ups and Downs – and Don’t Get Discouraged

    If making a living as a professional gambler was easy, everyone would do it. While there is plenty of money to be made through gambling, the volatility can be stomach churning.

    Consider that if you are a sports bettor and earn a 57% profit, you are extremely successful. But you also weather losses in the 43% range. Losing at that rate is a lot to take – and to blow cash when you made the right decision requires belief in yourself and in the system that your wagering is based on.

    Card counters play with razor thin advantages. Despite that, wins can be rewardingly large, but the negative swings can be brutal.

    Because counters make their largest wagers under the best circumstances – when the count is high – the reality is that casino dealers receive the same cards and are entitled to get lucky even when they are underdogs. When that happens, card counters get completely crushed even as they are in the best spots.

    I’ll never forget the night I had at The Palms in Las Vegas when the count went through the roof and I pushed out max bets, hand after hand, only to get my head handed to me.

    It was ugly and I walked away from the table with nothing to show for my efforts except for a pair of busted $10,000 cash wraps.

    I called my team’s banker to let him know what happened. All he could say was, “Come by for more money and dig yourself out.”

    He was right. Getting discouraged over bad variance would have been a giant mistake. Instead, I took his advice and dug myself out. I try to keep his words in my head when things go wrong at the gaming tables and beyond.

    Casino gambling online

    Wade in Before Taking the Plunge

    Once you feel ready to play, go slow and don’t give up your day job (at least not just yet).

    Advantage Play gambling – that is, gambling with an advantage as a means of making money from it – can be a perfect side hustle. My advice here would be to put together a bankroll, strictly for gambling, figure out the stakes you can play at (with enough cash to weather bad luck and nasty turns), and then go at it. Pursue being a professional gambler as if it is a part-time job or a profitable hobby, keep close track of wins and losses, and hope to get lucky early on.

    The software engineer turned professional gambler (via poker) Barry Greenstein once told me that a little luck at the beginning of a gambling career can be the booster shot that gets it going. And if you don’t get lucky right away, keep grinding with the confidence that things will turn in your favor if you keep doing things right.

    At the very least, you’ll make money doing something you enjoy and have better stories than anyone else at your day job.

    At best, the pieces will fall into place, you’ll develop some advantage play techniques that others in your field have not come up with, and feel comfortable taking the plunge, playing games for your profession, and living the dream of being a professional gambler.

    If this article interests you, explore other topics like roulette strategy and roulette wheel numbers.

    October 3, 2025

    By Michael Kaplan

    Michael Kaplan
  • ">
  • Body

    Michael Kaplan is a journalist based in New York City. He has written extensively on gambling for publications such as Wired, Playboy, Cigar Aficionado, New York Post and New York Times. He is the author of four books including Aces and Kings: Inside Stories and Million-Dollar Strategies from Poker’s Greatest Players.

    He’s been known to do a bit of gambling when the timing seems right.

    Michael Kaplan
    factcheck
    Off
    hidemainimage
    show
    Hide sidebar
    show
    Fullwidth Page
    Off

    Chasing the money ghost through paper trails, pools, and probability

    I wrote this in August 2025 after a long walk to the British Library. Union Jacks and St. George’s Cross flags dressed the lampposts. Sun flashed between showers. I wanted facts about Zeljko Ranogajec. Who was he, where did he operate, what did he do, and was it true?

    With a name like Zeljko Ranogajec, I half-expected a Bond villain in the shadows — or an Eastern European mafia boss. What I uncovered was a master of probabilities. A man who found an edge inside the hidden grid of an odds matrix. Ranogajec took the red pill and, somehow, held the keys to the safe.

    In the Newsroom, the British Newspaper Archive glowed and microfilm readers hummed. I sifted racing pages, court digests, and company registers. The legend shouted. The trail whispered. Piece by piece, it started to make sense.

    Who Was Zeljko Ranogajec, Really

    Ranogajec was born in Hobart, Tasmania, in 1961 to Croatian parents. He studied finance and tax law, then chose the casino floor. At Wrest Point they banned him for counting cards. The pivot turned a gifted counter into a builder of systems.

    From blackjack’s glare, he stepped into pooled markets. Less theater, more volume. The work became repeatable processes that could run all day without fanfare.

    Inside Zeljko’s Secret World of Edge Gamblers

    In the world I study — and sometimes inhabit — an edge lives longer in silence. You keep a low profile because attention raises costs and closes doors.

    I’m not talking about counters dodging back-offs in wigs. Blackjack pros often target a double in a year. The very best sometimes treble it. That’s craft, but it hits a ceiling fast.

    Zeljko aimed beyond the ceiling. He built edges that scaled through pools, rebates, and logistics. The goal wasn’t a yearly flip. It was compounding quietly into hundreds of millions.

    If this article interests you, keep reading. Alternatively, explore other topics like blackjack side bets and roulette odds.

    What Ranogajec Bet — and Where He Operated

    Ranogajec went where liquidity lived: racing totes, swollen Keno jackpots, and later lotteries and pooled products. Australia was the launchpad. London became the hub.

    The table wasn’t the point. The action lived in models, phone calls, and tickets punched all day. Zeljko placed many small, smart wagers, relentlessly. Price, not drama, set the compass.

    The Network That Shaped Zeljko Ranogajec’s Play

    In Sydney, Zeljko linked with Alan Woods and David Walsh. Probability over superstition. That circle bridged blackjack to modelling and fresh ways to attack pools. As surveillance tightened, bans multiplied. Faces gave way to prices. Numbers carried the load.

    Trips to Las Vegas confirmed it. With every visit the countermeasures grew. The next chapter was logistics — rows and columns, not press rooms.

    Zeljko Ranogajec betting strategy

    Zeljko’s Personal Life and the Quiet Surface

    Public details are sparse by choice. Zeljko Ranogajec married Shelley Wilson, whom he met in his casino years. Their daughter, Emily, appears in rare photos. In those images he’s in a cap and dark jacket — the kind of man you lose in a crowd.

    Insiders called his temperament clockmaker-calm — steady when odds swung. Results first. Applause, never.

    John Wilson, Shells, and Why Ranogajec Vanished on Paper

    To lower the temperature, Zeljko sometimes operated as John Wilson, appearing under his wife’s surname in select documents. Behind the name sat shell companies and nominee structures. They routed bets, hid who was who, and kept fingerprints faint. Not mystique. Maintenance.

    One, Hyde Park: Ranogajec’s Privacy and Price

    Many reports place Ranogajec at One Hyde Park, 100 Knightsbridge. Glass, hush, and doormen who know when not to see you. The development faces Hyde Park and links to the Mandarin Oriental. At the time of writing, one-beds guide around £6–7 million, strong three-beds £18–30 million, and trophy penthouses far higher. The signal: privacy is policy.

    Keno as Proof of Concept for Zeljko

    Back in Australia, Zeljko treated Keno like a balance sheet. He waited for jackpots to swell and targeted combinations the public ignored. Then he bought tickets at industrial scale through pubs and RSLs. Months of staking produced multiple jackpots. From the street it looked like luck; up close it was work.

    How the Edge Was Built — and Why It Points to Ranogajec

    When his name turns up, the pattern repeats. First, modelling — price outcomes faster and cleaner than instinct. If the price was wrong, take the shot. If it was right, pass.

    Then, volume. Small edges need size to matter. Turnover rinsed variance across thousands of wagers. One result meant little; the portfolio told the truth.

    Finally, rebates — usually high single digits, roughly 8-10%, sometimes more in the U.S. That second price turned break-even into profit and scaled with turnover. If you’re chasing Zeljko Ranogajec net worth, start there: price, volume, and the rebate.

    Evidence Zeljko Ranogajec Bet Big

    Courtroom accounts have cited staggering turnover through racing pools and related products. In one case, a judge heard “about a billion” a year as a working estimate, with the rebate logic explained plainly. If the turnover is there and the rebate is right, the bank balance smiles.

    His existence isn’t folklore. It’s verified through Blackjack Hall of Fame records, court testimony, rebate audits, and property holdings. His betting left fingerprints you can measure — rebates rewritten, pools rebalanced, house rules changed. The ghost was real. The impact was measurable.

    Nicknames and the Public Shadow Around Ranogajec

    In Britain, Zeljko has been called the Loch Ness Monster of Gambling — rarely seen, widely felt. In racing circles, The Joker often follows. Two names, one theme: visible impact, invisible man. He made the Blackjack Hall of Fame in 2011 for his brilliant understanding of the game and blackjack strategy.

    Zeljko Ranogajec Net Worth Explained

    Everyone ends up here. Zeljko Ranogajec net worth. The internet wants a trophy number. Ranogajec built a life that resists one. A single figure rarely survives a year because his wealth works like a sum.

    Think of Ranogajec’s net worth as liquidity in motion — edge × turnover × rebates × time. Change one input and the sum shifts. Pinning it down is like taking a thermometer to the wind. Whatever the number, it was built by repeatability, not spectacle.

    Put plainly, Zeljko Ranogajec net worth rose from process, not luck, and shifts with pools, liquidity, turnover, and rebates over time.

    What Bookmakers Learned from Zeljko Ranogajec

    What changed in the rooms that priced the action? Staff accounts describe the same pattern: quiet races spike, late money lands where odds are soft, and end-of-month rebates turn “break-even” into profit. No celebrity whale. Just footprints. That’s Ranogajec’s signature — timing, volume, and the second price doing the heavy lifting.

    How did bookmakers respond? They reclassified rebates as price, not perks; rewrote discount tables; tightened or shifted cut-off times; and ring-fenced vulnerable pools. The principle that stuck is simple: liquidity feels safe until a system swims through it, and predictability beats genius — the edge you can repeat on Tuesday, then Thursday, then next week is the one that wins.

    Sports betting

    How to Bet Better, the Zeljko Betting Code

    Walking back from the Library, rain lifting off the pavement, I made three notes to self:

    1) Keep the edge small and clear.
    One sentence, no hedging. Specialize until a market feels like a dialect you can hear. If it needs a paragraph, it’s fog.

    2) Size like a professional.
    Stake to bankroll, variance, and model confidence — not bravado. Log results so sizing learns from truth, not memory.

    3) Count the hidden layer.
    Points, cashbacks, and especially rebates belong in expected value. Stay boring so compounding can work. That’s how “break-even” becomes profit.

    Where Ranogajec Lived — and When

    Zeljko Ranogajec grew up in Hobart and, in adulthood, chose prices over publicity. London became his hub for privacy and reach. The years map cleanly: blackjack and bans in the 1980s; Keno and race pools in the 1990s; industrial-scale totes and pooled products through the 2000s and 2010s. He turned sixty-four in 2025.

    Under London’s Sky with Zeljko Ranogajec

    I left the library and the streets were in a cycle of sun and rain. As I walked, the phantom of Zeljko Ranogajec felt real, keeping pace beside me. At the Tube entrance, the ghost slipped away like steam rising off wet pavement.

    Down in the tiled tunnels, the smell shifted to hot dust and metal — London’s Underground perfume — rubber under my palm on the escalator, then cool brass on the steps. Somewhere ahead, in my head, a money counter kept time. The rollers flicked through wads of Ranogajec dollars like the count room in Scorsese’s Casino — steady, relentless, impersonal.

    I had a draft to finish, but Ranogajec lingered. My thoughts narrowed to three rules I needed to master: keep my edge boring, keep my bankroll patient, and keep my best work quiet long enough for it to matter.

    The casino made the legend — the pools made the balance. That’s where Zeljko Ranogajec net worth was minted.

    October 2, 2025

    By Stephen R. Tabone

    Stephen R. Tabone
    Body

    Stephen R. Tabone is an English Writer from Great Britain. He is a casino games professional pattern player and outcomes systemiser. He is the Author of Bestselling Baccarat books, ‘The Ultimate Silver Bullet Proof Baccarat Winning Strategy 2.1’ and ‘The Ultimate Golden Secret Baccarat Winning Strategy 3.0’.

    In 2011, Mr. Tabone earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with Honours in Creative Writing and Philosophy from the University of Greenwich, London. And holds qualifications in Law and in Business. 

    Mr. Tabone has been developing and testing his rule-based gaming systems since 1997 and began publishing these in 2017. As well as Baccarat, he plans to publish books on Roulette, Blackjack and other casino games. He has a fascination with number combinations, cryptanalysis, patterns and is a strong concrete and abstract thinker. He also designs stock market trading concepts.

    He is methodical in constructing powerful rule-based betting systems to combat the complex problems of finding ways to profit from randomness. Mr. Tabone’s systems help gamblers improve the way they play casino games. Back in the 90s he even bought his own Roulette Wheel to practice on.

    Stephen R. Tabone
    factcheck
    Off
    hidemainimage
    show
    Hide sidebar
    show
    Fullwidth Page
    Off

    Contents

    1. What Is MONA?
    2. Who Is David Walsh?
    3. September 2025: What I Actually Saw
    4. David Walsh’s Early Years and First Advantage
    5. From Tables to Tote Boards
    6. One Play, Demystified
    7. What David Walsh Thinks About Casino Games
    8. Why David Walsh Didn’t Build the Casino
    9. How the Art Arrived — Bought, Commissioned, Risked
    10. “Snake,” and Why MONA Happened
    11. What MONA Generates
    12. David Walsh: Home, Travel, and Style
    13. How David Walsh Works — and What He Writes
    14. Marriage, Friends, and Time
    15. David Walsh net worth — What We Can Actually Say
    16. Not David Austin Walsh
    17. From Balance Sheet to Legacy
    18. Legacy, Mortality, and the Work Ahead
    19. What We Can Learn from David Walsh

    David Walsh and MONA: The Art Museum a Gambler Built:

    Blackjack, betting syndicates, and a museum that rewired Hobart

    I went to MONA the first weekend of September 2025 with a simple test: walk his building, read his playbook.
    The ferry skimmed the Derwent; sandstone swallowed the light. I climbed the 99 steps from the dock, past a mirrored wall that throws your face back before you enter. Checkpoint: ego, expectation, then descent.

    What is MONA?

    MONA — the Museum of Old and New Art — is an art museum on Hobart’s Berriedale peninsula. It houses David Walsh’s private collection of contemporary works and antiquities and operates as a museum with permanent collections, not a commercial gallery.

    Often called the largest privately-funded museum in the Southern Hemisphere, it tunnels into rock, runs winter festivals, and prefers hard questions to easy applause.

    Who is David Walsh?

    David Walsh is the Tasmanian gambler-collector who founded MONA. He made money through disciplined wagering — first at blackjack, then in racing and pool markets — and converted those gains into art, architecture, and festivals. He’s equal parts number-maker and provocateur, more interested in questions than conclusions.

    September 2025: what I actually saw

    No wall texts. Just the O-device, tracking your position and feeding commentary — like a syndicate terminal, but for art. You spiral downward, not upward. The museum excavates rather than elevates; each level feels like a deeper layer of Walsh’s ledger.

    Julius Popp’s “bit.fall” spelled live words in water; “Cloaca” drew a crowd at feeding time. Concrete held a cool, mineral air. The place felt quarried, as if a mind had been excavated and left running.

    MONA doesn’t perch; it’s quarried into rock. Galleries step down like a ledger, each level a recalibration. Think Batman — less cave, more control room. David Walsh fights distortion, not villains. He prices uncertainty, then returns to adjust the archive. The place mirrors him: precise, unsentimental, iterative. Not a retreat. A machine for thinking.

    David Walsh’s early years and first advantage

    Hobart, working-class Catholic, a brief flirtation with math and computing — then casinos, which proved the better lab. Walsh learned blackjack strategy at Wrest Point: card counting (Hi-Lo), entering only when the shoe turned favorable, spreading stakes without heat.

    The gambler didn’t always work alone. Teams used spotters, back-counters, and a big player to smooth swings and hide the count. He’s never published standard units; stakes scaled with advantage and bankroll. The habit — measure, adjust, repeat — became the operating system.

    Blackjack

    From tables to tote boards

    He ported table habits to racing pools: make your own number; decide pass, nibble, or step-up thresholds in advance.

    Place early bets where pools react slowly; let rebates and settlement rules compound thin margins. After every session, check the close against your “fair.” If they disagree, find the leak.

    One play, demystified

    Four minutes to post, the pool looks wrong; buy the cheap tickets where few are watching. Two minutes out, add in the least reactive places.

    At the jump, heavier orders land; the pool moves toward your number, and a margin remains. If the close matches your fair, execution worked. If not, the model missed — or information leaked. Tighten it before tomorrow.

    What David Walsh thinks about casino games

    • Poker: Skill plus variance. If you’re not the best at the table, don’t sit.
    • Blackjack: Beat the shoe or walk. Negative EV deserves no romance.
    • Poker machines: His red line — devices tuned for compulsion and proximity, often where money is tight.
    • Bottom line: he distinguishes informed risk from engineered behavior.

    Why David Walsh didn’t build the casino

    Around 2014–15 he sketched a tiny, poker-machine-free high-roller room at MONA, nicknamed “Monaco”: invitation-only tables, integrated on site.

    Policy drifted back toward poker-machine dependence, so Walsh walked. A residents-excluded license surfaced later; his conditions weren’t met. By 2025, Monaco remained an idea. For Walsh, principle is a setting in the model— if inputs force pokies, the plan is wrong.

    If this article interests you, keep reading. Alternatively, explore other topics like blackjack strategy, blackjack side bets, and roulette odds.

    How the art arrived — bought, commissioned, risked

    Most of MONA’s collection was bought or commissioned by David Walsh and his entities. He favors commissions with uncertainty — projects that unfold over time, like wagers with long fuses.

    Loans come and go, and public money helped with paths and services, but the wall power is largely private risk.

    “Snake,” and why MONA happened

    “Snake” is Sidney Nolan’s mural of 1,620 painted panels — about 45 meters of color and myth. It reads as pattern, memory, country, person—and drove architectural choices; corridors and pacing bend around it.

    Walsh has said he made his money without making a mark; MONA was the mark. He built a lab for looking —evolution, belief, mortality, desire—tested with the same cool discipline he used at the tables.

    What MONA generates

    MONA is costly to run and, at times, relies on Walsh’s subsidy. The wider impact is larger: winter festivals that fill flights, longer stays, and hospitality weeks that move the city’s ledger.

    Depending on program and season, public estimates put annual visitor spending tied to MONA and its festivals in the many tens of millions. It behaves less like a profit center and more like cultural infrastructure that attracts cash flow to the region.

    David Walsh: home, travel, and style

    Home base is the MONA/Moorilla hillside above the Derwent — concrete, glass, stone, rooms that function like studios.

    Travel follows projects: Europe for artists and fairs, the United States for partnerships, Asia when a commission warrants it.

    His look has quieted — longer hair and tweed in the 2010s; now pared-back jackets, work-day shoes, practical transport. Useful, unshowy, built for getting things done.

    How David Walsh works — and what he writes

    Day to day, he drafts and edits museum essays, wall texts, commissioning briefs, exhibition plans, and budgets—tight prose, tighter numbers.

    Subjects range from evolution and perception to gambling ethics and Tasmanian politics. He auditions ideas with curators, then prunes when inputs say prune.

    “We are machines designed to deceive ourselves. That’s how we survive.”

    David Walsh museum

    Marriage, friends, and time

    David Walsh is married to artist-curator Kirsha Kaechele. He keeps home life mostly out of view.
    The circles are artists and collaborators—and, early in the gambling story, association with Zeljko Ranogajec at tote-board scale.

    David Walsh net worth — what we can actually say

    David Walsh net worth is best read as a range. A sensible band sits in the low hundreds of millions, moving with private valuations of art and property and any residual wagering income.

    Most of it originated from syndicate profits rolled into assets: MONA and its collection, Moorilla, hospitality, real estate. If he still gambles, it’s selective — data-led pools and markets, never slot machines.

    That mix is why David Walsh net worth stories shift with seasons and programs.

    Not David Austin Walsh

    Search often confuses the MONA founder with David Austin Walsh, a U.S. historian. Different careers, different fields.

    From balance sheet to legacy

    Money, for Walsh, isn’t a finish line; it’s voltage for experiments. Buildings, programs, and risks convert capital into something you can walk through.

    Legacy, mortality, and the work ahead

    “The museum wasn’t planned. It emerged.” That explains the feel of the place: an experiment still running.

    “Death isn’t something to be sneezed at. It’s a reward for having had the good fortune to be born.”

    He isn’t being morbid; he’s measuring. What survives? What scales? What matters enough to keep?

    What we can learn from David Walsh

    I left as a southerly pushed up the Derwent — steel water, low cloud, a ribbon of light on kunanyi/Mount Wellington. On the ferry back, MONA sank into the rock behind me.

    David Walsh isn’t a list of rules; he’s a temperament — restless, skeptical, oddly tender about wonder. He gambled to learn what counts, then built a place to keep testing the answer.

    Drifting across the river, I felt it: a mind measuring itself in public, willing to be wrong, generous enough to share the mess and the beauty. What endures isn’t a system so much as his stubborn curiosity — and the museum it keeps alive.

    October 2, 2025

    By Stephen R. Tabone

    Stephen R. Tabone
    Body

    Stephen R. Tabone is an English Writer from Great Britain. He is a casino games professional pattern player and outcomes systemiser. He is the Author of Bestselling Baccarat books, ‘The Ultimate Silver Bullet Proof Baccarat Winning Strategy 2.1’ and ‘The Ultimate Golden Secret Baccarat Winning Strategy 3.0’.

    In 2011, Mr. Tabone earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with Honours in Creative Writing and Philosophy from the University of Greenwich, London. And holds qualifications in Law and in Business. 

    Mr. Tabone has been developing and testing his rule-based gaming systems since 1997 and began publishing these in 2017. As well as Baccarat, he plans to publish books on Roulette, Blackjack and other casino games. He has a fascination with number combinations, cryptanalysis, patterns and is a strong concrete and abstract thinker. He also designs stock market trading concepts.

    He is methodical in constructing powerful rule-based betting systems to combat the complex problems of finding ways to profit from randomness. Mr. Tabone’s systems help gamblers improve the way they play casino games. Back in the 90s he even bought his own Roulette Wheel to practice on.

    Stephen R. Tabone
    factcheck
    Off
    hidemainimage
    show
    Hide sidebar
    show
    Fullwidth Page
    Off

    In standard (non-wild card) video poker games, the proper hold for many of the dealt hands is reasonably evident. In most cases any paying hand of a high pair or better is the proper hold.

    Also, four cards of a royal flush or four cards of a straight flush are easy to spot as proper holds. Three cards of a royal flush, four cards of a flush, a low pair, and four cards of an open straight are also easy to spot.

    Two high cards (A, K, Q, J) of a royal flush or three cards of a straight flush fall in line next. But what about a suited Jack-10? These two cards could produce a royal flush, or a straight flush, four of a kind, full house, as well as any other paying hand in the pay table.

    This article explores the possibilities. The games are jacks or better-based such as Jacks or Better, Double Bonus Poker, etc., not wild card games. To achieve the best return in wild card casino games the logic for deciding the proper hold must be dramatically altered so it is not included in this article.

    Contents

    1. Suited jack/10 with junk
    2. Suited jack/10 with another unsuited high card
    3. Suited jack/10 with other helpful cards
    4. Summary

    Suited jack/10 with junk

    The first example looks at what happens to the possibilities with a hand containing a suited Jack-10 with three other worthless cards – no other high cards, no other suited cards, no other cards that might help a straight. The hand looks something like this:

    Jh Th 2d 5c 7s

    It is true that the 7 of spades could make a straight with the Jack-10, but there are two gaps. This is probably not a viable hold. Here is the proof. In a full-pay (9/6) Jacks or Better game, on average:

    • Holding the Jh Th 7s returns 1.2812 credits for 5 credits played.
    • Holding the Jh Th returns 2.5569.

    There are, in fact nine holds that are better than the Jh Th 7h. They are:

    • Jh – 2.3621 credits
    • Jh 7s – 1.7342 credits
    • Redraw – 1.7019 credits
    • Jh 2d or Jh 5c – 1.6750 credits
    • Holding any single low card – is also better than holding the Jh Th 7s

    Conclusion: Holding the Jack-10 allows for any paying hand on the pay table to appear. By adding the 7 to the hold, the only possible winning hands are: straight, three of a kind, two pairs, or a high pair. The lack of possible winning hands – especially the royal flush – when adding the 7 to the hold, obliterates the return.

    If this article interests you, keep reading. Alternatively, explore other topics like how to win at slots, roulette wheel, and blackjack side bets.

    Suited Jack-10 with another unsuited high card

    If the dealt hand also includes another unsuited high card (another suited high card would make three cards of a royal flush), the proper hold could very well change. We will look at three different hands containing a suited Jack-10 and an unsuited high card.

    First hand: Jh Th 2d 5c As. The top five holds are:

    • Jh Th – 2.5236 credits
    • Jh As – 2.3716 credits
    • As – 2.3067 credits
    • Jh – 2.3041 credits
    • Jh Th As – 1.7808 credits

    Second hand: Jh Th 2d 5c Ks. The top five holds are:

    • Jh Th – 2.5039 credits
    • Jh Ks – 2.4308 credits
    • Ks – 2.3067 credits
    • Jh – 2.2987 credits
    • Jh Th Ks – 2.0768 credits

    Third hand: Jh Th 2d 5c Qs. The top three holds are:

    • Jh Qs – 2.4900 credits
    • Jh Th – 2.4841 credits
    • Jh Th Qs – 2.3728 credits

    In the first two hands, holding the suited Jack-10 is the proper hold. Things change in the third hand. The counts of winning hands are shown below:

    Winning HandJh QsJh Th
    Royal Flush01
    Straight Flush03
    Four of a kind22
    Full House1818
    Flush0161
    Straight144204
    Three of a kind381381
    Two Pairs711711
    Jacks or Better50222847

    It may seem a bit counter-intuitive, but the nearly double the appearance of Jacks or Better winners for the Jack-Queen hold, more than offsets the extra royal flush, straight flush, flush, and straight winning hands for the Jack-10 hold.

    Jacks or better video poker

    Suited Jack-10 with other helpful cards

    Other helpful cards for the suited Jack-10 include additional card or cards that would help produce a straight or flush without being a high card, and without making four cards of a flush or four cards of an open straight.

    First hand: Jh Th 2d 5c 3h. This hand has three cards of a flush. The top three holds are:

    • Jh Th – 2.4934 credits
    • Jh – 2.3473 credits
    • Jh Th 3h – 2.2340 credits

    Second hand: Jh Th 2d 5c 9s. This hand has three cards of an inside straight. The top three holds are:

    • Jh Th – 2.5174 credits
    • Jh – 2.3513 credits
    • Jh Th 9s – 1.8733 credits

    Third hand: Jh Th 2d 7c 9s. This hand has four cards of an inside straight. The top three holds are:

    • Jh Th – 2.5026 credits
    • Jh – 2.3473 credits
    • Jh Th 7c 9s – 2.0213 credits

    Notice that in all cases, the Jack-10 is the proper hold and the lone jack is the next best hold. When playing video poker at a casino, holding the additional one or two cards eliminates the possibility of higher-paying winning hands. Holding additional cards reduces the number of possible hands. See the table below.

    Winning HandJh ThJh Th 3hJh ThJh Th 9sJh ThJh Th 7c 9s
    Royal Flush101010
    Straight Flush303030
    Four of a kind202020
    Full House180180180
    Flush1164516101610
    Straight2520204481924
    Three of a kind381938193810
    Two Pairs71127711277110
    Jacks or Better2847132284713228473

    Notice the reduction in paying hands for the last column. When these additional held cards hurt the prospects of achieving high-paying winners, they lose their power and therefore their appeal.  

    Summary

    Choosing the proper hold for many – even most – dealt hands can be intuitive. Certain hands, even though they may have the possibility of producing top-paying winning hands, can also require some complex thinking and have non-intuitive holds.

    October 2, 2025

    By Jerry Stich

    Jerry "Stickman" Stich
    Body

    Jerry “Stickman” has been involved in casino gambling for nearly 30 years. He is an expert in blackjack, craps, video poker and advantage slot machine play. He started playing blackjack in the late ‘80s, learned several card counting systems and used these skills to become an advantage blackjack player and overall winner of this game. He also acquired the skills necessary to become an overall winner in the game of craps, accomplishing this by a combination of throwing skill and proper betting techniques. Stich is also an overall winner playing video poker. This was accomplished by playing only the best games and using expert playing strategy. 

    Jerry used his skills to help others also become better gamblers. He has taught advantage play techniques in blackjack, craps, video poker and slot play to hundreds of students. He is a regular contributor to top gaming magazines and has authored and co-authored various books on gambling.

    Jerry Stich
    factcheck
    Off
    hidemainimage
    show
    Hide sidebar
    show
    Fullwidth Page
    Off